Her brother Leopold was Princess Charlotte's widower. In 1818 he married Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld, a widowed German princess with two children- Carl (1804–1856) and Feodora (1807–1872)-by her first marriage to Emich Carl, 2nd Prince of Leiningen. Her death in 1817 precipitated a succession crisis that brought pressure on the Duke of Kent and his unmarried brothers to marry and have children. Until 1817, Edward's niece, Princess Charlotte of Wales, was the only legitimate grandchild of George III. Victoria's father was Prince Edward, Duke of Kent and Strathearn, the fourth son of the reigning King of the United Kingdom, George III. Victoria at age four, by Stephen Poyntz Denning (1823) The last British monarch of the House of Hanover, she was succeeded by her son Edward VII of the House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha. Her Golden and Diamond Jubilees were times of public celebration. As a result of her seclusion, British republicanism temporarily gained strength, but in the latter half of her reign, her popularity recovered. After Albert's death in 1861, Victoria plunged into deep mourning and avoided public appearances. Their children married into royal and noble families across the continent, earning Victoria the sobriquet "the grandmother of Europe" and spreading haemophilia in European royalty. Victoria married her first cousin Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha in 1840. Though a constitutional monarch, privately, Victoria attempted to influence government policy and ministerial appointments publicly, she became a national icon who was identified with strict standards of personal morality. She inherited the throne aged 18 after her father's three elder brothers died without surviving legitimate issue. After the deaths of her father and grandfather in 1820, she was raised under close supervision by her mother and her comptroller, John Conroy. Victoria was the daughter of Prince Edward, Duke of Kent and Strathearn (the fourth son of King George III), and Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld. In 1876, the British Parliament voted to grant her the additional title of Empress of India. It was a period of industrial, political, scientific, and military change within the United Kingdom, and was marked by a great expansion of the British Empire. Known as the Victorian era, her reign of 63 years and seven months was longer than any previous British monarch. Victoria (Alexandrina Victoria – 22 January 1901) was Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland from 20 June 1837 until her death in 1901. Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld Prince Edward, Duke of Kent and Strathearn Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn.Helena, Princess Christian of Schleswig-Holstein.Alice, Grand Duchess of Hesse and by Rhine.
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